The cell body is the core of the neuron, comprising a cell nucleus and several cellular components that aid in the cell’s various tasks. They receive electrical or chemical signals and send them to the neuron’s innermost sections. The number of dendrites changes depending on the cell’s location. These branch-like extensions are found at the beginning of the neuron and aid in receiving and transmitting impulses to the neuron’s cell body. Dendrites, cell body, and axon are the three sections of every neuron.įollowing are the different parts of a neuron: The form and size of a neuron change based on its function and location. The nucleus, which houses the neuron’s DNA and produces proteins for transport along the axon and dendrites, is located in the soma (tree trunk). The axon (tree roots) is the neuron’s output structure when a neuron wishes to communicate with another neuron, it transmits an action potential through the entire axon. Dendrites branch as they approach closer to their tips, just like tree branches do, and they even have spines, which are leaf-like features. A neuron’s dendrite (tree branch) gets input from neighboring cells. Dendrites, an axon, and a cell body or soma are the three primary elements of a neuron, compared to the branches, roots, and trunk of a tree, respectively. Think of a neuron-like tree for a good analogy. They are essential and structural units of the nervous system. Neurons are electrically excitable cells that are specialized to receive and transfer information to various body sections. Let’s discuss neuron definition in a detailed manner. Interneurons are little nerve cells that carry information between distinct neurons in the body. On the other hand, the motor neurons send information from the brain to the muscles. Sensory neurons provide information to the brain from sensory receptor cells located throughout the body. Neurons occur in various forms and sizes, but they all help with information transmission. This can be accomplished physically as well as electrically. They deliver and receive messages to a variety of body parts. Neuronal cells are the building components of the nervous system. Invertebrates or neurons, also known as nerve cells, are the most basic and most extended cells in the human body.
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